'Critically discuss one 'individual' OR one 'social' explanation of crime. In critically discussing your selected approach, reference a criminal justice initiative that illustrates your argument.'

The phenomenon of offense has been a constant element of human society. Criminology emerged as a field of study through the 18th and ordinal centuries, concerned with the nature, extent, cause and control of criminal behavior and relating it to the human beings of information, beliefs and attitudes present in any particular place at any particular time. Within the diverse and competing perspectives of criminology, amicable expositions of execration perceive disgust as a manifestation of loving pathology generated as a result of sociable structure itself; as opposed to descriptions of individual pathology concerning psychological and biological traits. Social explanations of execration further diverge into the two distinct schools of consensus and conflict theories. Functionalist or consensus theory share a common structural explanation of causes of deviance; while interactionist or conflict theory in general focuses on various elements of power-play, regarding devian ce as an outcome of the labeling interaction process between people. This essay focuses on the consensus school of thought, sounding for in particular at Mertons? Strain Theory; and Durkheims? anomy theory. In order to understand the concept of Strain Theory, it is inhering to cast down with its fundamental basis pioneered by the French sociologist Emile Durkheim (1858-1917.) Rejecting the image that crime can be solely explained by biology or psychology of individuals, Durkheim presented the notion that crime is essentially a genial phenomenon, ?somehow being related to and shaped by wider social processes and structures.? Therefore the construct of a `criminal or `deviant becomes a product of a special kind of social order. The wrongdoer is seen to look at few conscious choices regarding their available social options as their activities and value are seen to be determined by wider societal forces and factors. Further, Durkheim introduced the imagination of each society being characterised by a specific fo! rm of ?collective conscience.? This refers... If you want to get a expert essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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